Atlanta, Battle of 1864.Throughout May, June, and early July 1864, the Union army of Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman advanced through northern Georgia toward Atlanta while the Confederate army of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, to the increasing alarm of the Richmond authorities, retreated in front of it. Finally, on 17 July, President Jefferson Davis acted, replacing Johnston with the aggressive Gen. John Bell this time the Confederate army was backed into the very outskirts of Atlanta, and Hood had no choice but to fight or abandon the city. On 20 July, he attacked Federal troops under Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas near Peachtree Creek the Battle of Peachtree Creek. Hood's plan went awry and the result was a bloody days later, Hood struck again, in what is called the Battle of Atlanta. His target this time was a Federal force under Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson. Hood's plan was a good one, a flanking maneuver of his own, and this time it was tolerably well executed. Lt. Gen. William J. Hardee led his Confederate force on a long, tiring night march to gain the Federal rear. While he attacked from that direction, Confederates under Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham were to attack the Union front. Hood, who was hampered by a crippled arm and a missing leg, was not personally present on the battlefield, and afterward he complained that Hardee had not positioned his troops as directed. Hardee, who resented being passed over in favor of Hood, was sometimes uncooperative. Still, Confederates struck hard at McPherson's Federals in a fierce day‐long battle. The result went against the Southerners. Two Union divisions of Maj. Gen. Grenville Dodge's corps had, the night before, taken up a position that allowed them to blunt Hardee's attack. That, along with exceptionally hard fighting on the part of McPherson's men, produced Hood's defeat, but not before McPherson himself had been killed and John A. Logan had taken his place. On the Confederate side, Maj. Gen. William H. T. Walker was killed. Just over 30,000 Federals were engaged against nearly 40,000 Confederates. Federal casualties were 3,722; Confederate losses are harder to pinpoint, but the best estimate is 7, days later, Sherman tried yet another turning maneuver, and Hood responded again, attacking the Federals at the Battle of Ezra Church and again suffering a bloody repulse. After that, operations settled down to a quasi‐siege of Atlanta. Hood's three sorties had cost him heavily in casualties and failed to gain battlefield success. Nevertheless, they had prevented Sherman from taking the city that month and forced the Union commander to show more caution in his future operations. Though Atlanta fell to Sherman on 2 September 1864, it is likely that Hood's installation as commander had delayed that event six weeks beyond the time it would have happened had Johnston remained in command.[See also Civil War Military and Diplomatic Course.]Bibliography Richard M. McMurry , John Bell Hood and the War for Southern Independence, 1982. Albert Castel , Decision in the West The Atlanta Campaign of 1864, 1992. Steven E. Woodworth7 In November of 1863, the city of Atlanta _____ during Sherman's famous "March to the Sea". A. Was completely burned B. Completely was burned C. It was burned completely D. Completely burned it PembahasanKalimat pasif dalam bahasa inggris memiliki pola umum yaitu Be + V3 . Kalimat ini adalah bentuk dari simple past tense karena adanya keterangan waktu In November of 1863. ’ Untuk Simple past , maka polanya menjadi S + was/were + V3 + by + O . Selain itu, objek dan subjek dari kalimat aktif akan bertukar posisi di kalimat pasif dalam bahasa inggris memiliki pola umum yaitu Be + V3. Kalimat ini adalah bentuk dari simple past tense karena adanya keterangan waktu In November of 1863.’ Untuk Simple past, maka polanya menjadi S + was/were + V3 + by + O. Selain itu, objek dan subjek dari kalimat aktif akan bertukar posisi di kalimat pasif. TheBattles for Chattanooga (November 23 to November 25, 1863) were a series of battles in which Union forces routed Confederate troops in Tennessee at the battles of Lookout Mountain and
TheLibrary of Congress > Exhibitions > The Civil War in America > November 1863-April 1865On November 12, 1864, Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman ordered the destruction of the business district in Atlanta and the Union Army started their March to the Sea which ended just before Christmas in Savannah, Georgia. The march, also known as the Savannah Campaign, bolstered the Union Army and helped lead to the surrender of the Confederacy and the end of the Civil War five months later. Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman During the Civil War, Atlanta served as a hub for the Confederacy and a major transportation link for supplies and troops between the eastern seaboard and the west. After a five-month successful campaign from Tennessee through northwest Georgia, Union troops made their way to the doorstep of Atlanta in mid-July. Gen. John B. Hood decided to surrender the city and evacuate his Confederate troops on September 1, 1864. Before leaving, Hood ordered the depots destroyed to prevent them from falling into Union hands. On September 2nd, Sherman captured the city, but with a tenuous supply line, he knew he couldn’t hold it for long. Sherman divided his army into two, sending half towards Nashville while some 60,000 remaining troops would join him on a march across Georgia. Ruins of the depot, blown up on Sherman’s departure Relying on a scorched-earth policy, Sherman ordered that all railroads, factories, and commercial buildings be destroyed before leaving the city. He wanted to obliterate anything that might be of use to the Confederate Army. Sherman also ordered civilians out of their homes and businesses and destroyed them if they contained anything that might aid the Confederates. Before it was over, 40% of the city an estimated 3,000 buildings lie in ruins. Much of the destruction was in the business district around Peachtree Street. Pvt. James H. Peterson from the 13th New Jersey Infantry recorded his observations in a pocket diary. “On Sunday November 15 we left Atlanta in going through the city we passed large buildings on fire…” Sherman and his army, now cut off from any supply lines, headed towards the coast. They lived off the land, taking supplies from fields and farms as they beat a pathway of destruction towards Savannah. Along the way, they encountered pockets of Confederate resistance and destroyed railroad tracks and cut telegraph lines. Pvt. Peterson recorded that on November 26, “while we was skirmishing with the Rebels at Sandersville I was wounded in the leg by a ball.” Peterson ended up in a hospital outside of Savannah where on December 10th he wrote about the approaching Union Army, “The troops burnt the Charleston and Savanna Railroad we lay about 6 miles from Savannah in the Field Hospital we can hear the cannon the savanna River and the broadsides from the big guns very plain.” Telegram to President Lincoln presenting the city of Savannah as a Christmas gift On December 21st, after a march of 37 days and some 250 miles, Union troops entered Savannah. Just days before Christmas, Sherman sent a telegram to President Abraham Lincoln, “I beg to present you as a Christmas gift the City of Savannah, with one hundred fifty guns and plenty of ammunition. Also about twenty-five thousand bales of cotton.” The destruction of Atlanta and Sherman’s March to the Sea demoralized the Confederacy and contributed to the end of the Civil War in April 1865. To learn more about the destruction of Atlanta and the March to the Sea, search our Civil War records collection on Fold3 today! InNovember of 1863, the city of Atlanta during Sherman's famous "March to the Sea" Soal dan Pembahasan Passive Voice . Pada pelajaran bahasa Inggris terdapat materi mengenai passive voice yang soalnya Pembahasan:. Kalimat pada soal di atas merupakan bentuk pola kalimat passive untuk simple September 3, 1864 – Major General William T. Sherman received official confirmation that his Federals had captured the vital industrial and railroad city of Atlanta. Federal Maj Gen Sherman Image Credit The fires and explosions caused by Confederates evacuating from Atlanta continued into the early morning of the 2nd. Sherman, the overall Federal commander, ordered his forces south of town to renew their attack on Lieutenant General William Hardee’s isolated Confederate corps on the Macon & Western Railroad. However, the Federals learned that Hardee had withdrawn southeastward, linking with the rest of General John Bell Hood’s Army of Tennessee at Lovejoy’s Station. Major General John Schofield, commanding the Federal Army of the Ohio, informed Sherman at 1025 that a black resident had just reported that the Confederates were leaving Atlanta “in great confusion and disorder.” Sherman initially doubted the report, opting instead to confront the Confederates at Lovejoy’s. During this time, Major General Henry W. Slocum, commanding the lone Federal corps still north of Atlanta, directed part of his force to enter the city after hearing the explosions throughout the morning. Mayor James M. Calhoun consulted with city officials before they rode out under white flags to confer with the advancing Federals. Calhoun met the lead division commander and declared, “Sir, the fortunes of war have placed the city of Atlanta in your hands. As mayor of the city I ask protection for noncombatants and private property.” Calhoun and the Atlanta delegation surrendered the city at 11 The Federal commander passed the word back to Slocum and then led his troops into the city. They skirmished with Confederate stragglers, many of whom were drunk. Federal troops raised the flag over City Hall. Slocum entered Atlanta around 2 and telegraphed Washington, “General Sherman has taken Atlanta. The Twentieth Corps occupies the city.” Slocum informed Sherman that Hood had retreated down the McDonough Road, east of the railroad, toward Macon. However, communications between Slocum and Sherman at Lovejoy’s were temporarily cut off, so Sherman was still unaware that Atlanta had fallen. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant, the overall Federal commander, replied to Slocum, “While you are cut off from communication with General Sherman, telegraph your situation daily to General Henry W. Halleck.” Sherman wrote Slocum that he was “very anxious to know the particulars of the capture of Atlanta… as we have rumors to the effect that you now occupy the city.” The Federals below Atlanta probed the Confederate positions at Lovejoy’s but were strongly repulsed. Sherman notified Major General Oliver O. Howard, commanding the Federal Army of the Tennessee, “I do not wish to waste lives by an assault.” He then informed Major General George H. Thomas, commanding the Army of the Cumberland, “Until we hear from Atlanta the exact truth, I do not care about your pushing your men against breastworks.” He urged Thomas to “destroy the railroad well up to your lines. As soon as I know positively that our troops are in Atlanta I will determine what to do.” At 1130 that night, Sherman wrote Schofield, “Nothing positive from Atlanta, and that bothers me.” Sherman finally received confirmation after midnight. He wired Halleck at 6 on the 3rd “Atlanta is ours, and fairly won. I shall not push much farther in this raid, but in a day or so will move to Atlanta and give my men some rest.” News of Atlanta’s capture sparked joyous celebrations throughout the North, along with 100-gun salutes in Washington and dozens of other cities. Grant ordered a 100-gun salute fired into the Confederate trenches under siege at Petersburg. Grant wrote to Sherman “I feel you have accomplished the most gigantic undertaking given to any general in this war, and with a skill and ability that will be acknowledged in history as not surpassed, if not unequalled. It gives me as much pleasure to record this in your favor as it would in favor of any living man, myself included.” The New York Times exalted “Atlanta is ours. The foundries, furnaces, rolling-mills, machine-shops, laboratories and railroad repair-shops; the factories of cannon and small arms; of powder, cartridges and percussion caps; of gun carriages, wagons, ambulances, harnesses, shoes and clothing, which have been accumulated at Atlanta, are ours now.” President Abraham Lincoln jubilantly issued a Proclamation of Thanksgiving and Prayer to be observed on Sunday the 5th for “the signal success that Divine Providence has recently vouchsafed to the operations of the United States fleet and army in the harbor of Mobile and in the reduction of Ft. Powell, Ft. Gaines, and Ft. Morgan… and the glorious achievements of the Army under Major General Sherman… resulting in the capture… of Atlanta.” Taking Atlanta strengthened the Federal fighting spirit and immediately shifted momentum in the upcoming presidential election to Lincoln. Secretary of State William H. Seward predicted that Sherman and Rear Admiral David G. Farragut would defeat the Democrats, who had just met at their national convention in Chicago, by declaring that “Sherman and Farragut have knocked the bottom out of the Chicago platform.” Conversely, the loss of Atlanta demoralized the South, and crucial industrial resources in the heart of Confederate territory were permanently lost. This virtually sealed the Confederacy’s fate. An editorial in the Richmond Enquirer stated that the disastrous loss of Atlanta came “in the very nick of time when a victory alone could save the party of Lincoln from irretrievable ruin… It will obscure the prospect of peace, late so bright. It will also diffuse gloom over the South.” However, Sherman had not yet succeeded in his primary mission, which was to destroy the Army of Tennessee. The Federals continued probing Hood’s positions at Lovejoy’s Station but otherwise allowed the Confederates to regroup and concentrate. Sherman’s four-month campaign had included nonstop maneuvering and fighting, during which the Federals had suffered nearly 35,000 casualties. This number was light due to Sherman’s expert flanking maneuvers. The Confederates lost roughly the same amount, but their losses were irreplaceable, and the Army of Tennessee was no longer an effective fighting force. Nevertheless, Hood resolved to fight on. —– References Angle, Paul M., A Pictorial History of the Civil War Years New York Doubleday, 1967, p. 179-80; Bailey, Ronald H., The Battles for Atlanta Sherman Moves East Alexandria, VA Time-Life Books, 1983, p. 147-48, 151-54; Crocker III, The Politically Incorrect Guide to the Civil War Washington Regnery Publishing, 2008, p. 83-84; Davis, Jefferson, The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government All Volumes Heraklion Press, Kindle Edition 2013, 1889, Loc 20956; Denney, Robert E., The Civil War Years A Day-by-Day Chronicle New York Gramercy Books, 1992 [1998 edition], p. 453; Donald, David Herbert, Lincoln Simon & Schuster, Kindle Edition, 2011, Loc 11313; Foote, Shelby, The Civil War A Narrative Volume 3 Red River to Appomattox Vintage Civil War Library, Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, Kindle Edition, 2011, Kindle Locations 11072-124, 11585-95; Fredriksen, John C., Civil War Almanac New York Checkmark Books, 2007, p. 493; Goodwin, Doris Kearns, Team of Rivals The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln New York Simon and Schuster, 2005, p. 654-55; Linedecker, Clifford L. ed., The Civil War A to Z Ballantine Books, 2002, p. 22-23; Long, with Long, Barbara, The Civil War Day by Day New York Da Capo Press, Inc., 1971, p. 564-66; Longacre, Edward G., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War New York Harper & Row, 1986, Patricia L. Faust ed., p. 29-30; McPherson, James M., Battle Cry of Freedom The Civil War Era Oxford History of the United States Book 6, Oxford University Press, Kindle Edition, 1988, p. 774; Nevin, David, Sherman’s March Atlanta to the Sea Alexandria, VA Time-Life Books, 1983, p. 14; Ward, Geoffrey C., Burns, Ric, Burns, Ken, The Civil War New York Alfred A. Knopf, 1990, p. 329 Battleof Atlanta, (July 22, 1864) American Civil War engagement that was part of the Union's summer Atlanta Campaign.Union Major Generals William Tecumseh Sherman and James B. McPherson successfully defended against a Confederate offensive from Lieut. Gen. John Bell Hood on the eastern outskirts of Atlanta, Ga.The Union victory inflicted heavy casualties on Hood's army, but the city would In the summer of 1864, during the Civil War 1861-65, Union General William T. Sherman faced off against Confederate generals Joseph E. Johnston and John B. Hood in a series of battles in northern Georgia. Sherman’s goal was to destroy the Army of the Tennessee, capture Atlanta and cut off vital Confederate supply lines. While Sherman failed to destroy his enemy, he was able to force the surrender of Atlanta in September 1864,boosting Northern morale and greatly improving President Abraham Lincoln’s re-election bid. With Atlantaunder Union control, Sherman embarked on his March to the Sea, which laid waste to the countryside and hastened the Confederacy’s T. Sherman and Atlanta Campaign Background William Tecumseh Sherman 1820-91 was an Ohio native who attended West Point and served in the Army before becoming a banker and then president of a military school in Louisiana. When the Civil War broke out in 1861, Sherman joined the Union Army and eventually commanded large numbers of troops, under General Ulysses S. Grant 1822-85, at the battles of Shiloh 1862, Vicksburg 1863 and Chattanooga 1863. In the spring of 1864, Sherman became supreme commander of the armies in the West and was ordered by Grant to take the city of Atlanta, then a key military supply center and railroad hub for the you know? Today, the city of Atlanta’s motto is “Resurgens,” Latin for “rising again.” The city also adopted the phoenix, a mythical bird that is reborn from its own ashes, as a Atlanta campaign began in early May 1864, and in the first few months his troops engaged in several fierce battles with Confederate soldiers on the outskirts of the city, including the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain on June 27, which the Union forces lost. However, on September 1, Confederate forces under John Hood 1831-79 pulled out of Atlanta and the city, a symbol of Confederate pride and strength, was surrendered the next day. Sherman’s men continued to defend it through he set off on his famous March to the Sea on November 15, Sherman ordered that Atlanta’s military resources, including munitions factories, clothing mills and railway yards, be burned. The fire got out of control and left Atlanta in to the Sea After leaving Atlanta, Sherman and some 60,000 of his soldiers headed toward Savannah, Georgia. The purpose of this March to the Sea was to frighten Georgia’s civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. Sherman’s troops did not destroy any of the towns in their path, but they stole food and livestock and burned the houses and barns of people who tried to fight troops arrived in Savannah on December 21, 1864. The city was undefended when they got there. The 10,000 Confederates who were supposed to be guarding it had already fled. Sherman presented the city of Savannah to President Abraham Lincoln 1809-65 as a Christmas in 1865, Sherman and his men left Savannah and pillaged and burned their way through the Carolinas. The Civil War ended on April 9, 1865, when the Confederate commander in chief, Robert E. Lee 1807-70, surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, After the Civil War After the war, Sherman succeeded Grant as commander in chief of the Army, serving from 1869 to 1883. Sherman, who is credited with the phrase “war is hell,” died in 1891 at age 71, in New York City. The city of Atlanta swiftly recovered from the war and became the capital of Georgia in 1868, first on a temporary basis and then permanently by popular vote in 1877. Battleof Atlanta, (July 22, 1864), American Civil War engagement that was part of the Union 's summer Atlanta Campaign. Union Major Generals William Tecumseh Sherman and James B. McPherson successfully defended against a Confederate offensive from Lieut. Gen. John Bell Hood on the eastern outskirts of Atlanta, Georgia.
Soal dan Pembahasan Passive Voice – Secara umum materi passive voice dapat dipelajari pada pelajaran bahasa inggris pada tingkatan SMA. Pada pelajaran bahasa Inggris terdapat materi mengenai passive voice yang soalnya akan dibagikan pada tulisan ini beserta November of 1863, the city of Atlanta … during Sherman’s famous “March to the Sea”.A. Was completely burnedB. Completely was burnedC. It was burned completelyD. Completely burned itPembahasanKalimat pada soal di atas merupakan bentuk pola kalimat passive untuk simple past tense. Pola untuk kalimat pasif pada simple past tense, yaitu S + to be was/were + V3 + by ___ object. Subject pada kalimat pasif tersebut “the city of Atlanta”, sehingga to be yang digunakan adalah was I/he/she/it. Bentuk kata kerja ketiga Verb 3 dari “burn” adalah “burned”.Berdasarkan informasi tersebut, maka kalimat yang tepat adalah “In November of 1863, the city of Atlanta was completely burned during Sherman’s famous “March to the Sea”” yang memiliki arti “Pada bulan November 1863, kota Atlanta benar-benar terbakar selama “March to the Sea” yang terkenal dari Sherman”.Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah A Was completely Soal dan Pembahasan Passive Voice in november of 1863 the city of atlanta during shermans famous march to the sea. Semoga in november of 1863 the city of atlanta during shermans famous march to the sea Soal dan Pembahasan Passive Voice tadi dapat membantu teman-teman dalam belajar bahasa juga The supreme court does not hear a case unless …, except those involving foreign ambassadorsAmbiz Education Searchin november of 1863 the city of atlanta during shermans famous march to the sea
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